1 Samuel 8:19

Authorized King James Version

Nevertheless the people refused to obey the voice of Samuel; and they said, Nay; but we will have a king over us;

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְמָֽאֲנ֣וּ
refused
to refuse
#2
הָעָ֔ם
Nevertheless the people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#3
לִשְׁמֹ֖עַ
to obey
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#4
בְּק֣וֹל
the voice
a voice or sound
#5
שְׁמוּאֵ֑ל
of Samuel
shemuel, the name of three israelites
#6
וַיֹּֽאמְר֣וּ
and they said
to say (used with great latitude)
#7
לֹּ֔א
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#8
כִּ֥י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#9
אִם
used very widely as demonstrative, lo!; interrogative, whether?; or conditional, if, although; also oh that!, when; hence, as a negative, not
#10
מֶ֖לֶךְ
Nay but we will have a king
a king
#11
יִֽהְיֶ֥ה
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#12
עָלֵֽינוּ׃
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 1 Samuel. The concept of covenant community reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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